Objective To explore the course construction of College Students’ Health Literacy. Methods Eight course modules were set up, and 381 term papers of 381 undergraduates from 2018 to 2022 were studied by text analysis. Results A total of 354 papers met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Word frequency analysis showed that the top 10 words included health, psychology, society, learning, life, development, education, health literacy, environment, and interpersonal communication. Theme modeling was carried out using potential Latent Dirichlet Allocation, and 8 new themes were formed, including maintaining mental health, cultivating healthy lifestyle, establishing good interpersonal relationship, improving health literacy, preventing internet addiction, preventing chronic diseases and infectious diseases, enhancing ideological and political quality, and advocating for safer sexual behaviors, which were consistent with the 8 course modules. While themes such as "internet addiction prevention" had not yet been incorporated into the current syllabus, the theme “enhancing ideological and political quality” validated the effectiveness of curriculum-based ideological and political education. Students’ course satisfaction, interest in the course, health concepts and perceived necessity of the course had been all improved after the course, indicating statistical significance (P<0.05). Conclusion The course plays an important guiding role in enhancing undergraduates' health concepts, developing healthy lifestyles, and establishing correct outlooks on life and values. In the future, the module of "digital literacy" can be added, and ideological and political education can be further strengthened to contribute to the construction of Healthy China.