以质量求发展,以服务铸品牌

护理学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (9): 5-10.doi: 10.16460/j.issn1008-9969.2022.09.005

• 研究生园地 • 上一篇    下一篇

社区失能老人家庭照顾者主观幸福感现状及影响因素分析

谢敏娟1, 肖康娇1, 杨腊梅1, 王瑞1, 李静芝1, 梁云芳2   

  1. 1.广东药科大学 护理学院,广东 广州 510315;
    2.广东药科大学附属第一医院,广东 广州 510080
  • 收稿日期:2021-11-01 出版日期:2022-05-10 发布日期:2022-06-09
  • 通讯作者: 王瑞(1982-),女,山东滕州人,硕士,副教授,硕士研究生导师。E-mail:ruiruiwang2008@163.com
  • 作者简介:谢敏娟(1994-),女,广东肇庆人,本科学历,硕士研究生在读。
  • 基金资助:
    广东省哲学社会科学“十三五”规划2018年学科共建项目(GD18XGL34); 广东省2019年度省级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(S201910573056)

Current Status of Subjective Well-being of Family Caregivers of Community Disabled Elderly People and Its Influence Factors

XIE Min-juan1, XIAO Kang-jiao1, YANG La-mei1, WANG Rui1, LI Jing-zhi1, LIANG Yun-fang2   

  1. 1. School of Nursing, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510315, China;
    2. The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510080, China
  • Received:2021-11-01 Online:2022-05-10 Published:2022-06-09

摘要: 目的 调查广州市社区失能老人家庭照顾者主观幸福感水平,分析其影响因素。方法 采用便利抽样法,于2019年8月—2020年8月选取广州市13个社区526名失能老人家庭照顾者为研究对象,采用一般资料调查表、总体幸福感量表、身体健康感知量表、家庭关怀度指数问卷和中文人生意义问卷对其进行调查,运用分层多元回归分析主观幸福感的影响因素。结果 失能老人家庭照顾者主观幸福感总分为(69.41±19.17)分;分层多元回归结果显示,照顾者的社会人口学因素(性别、宗教信仰、婚姻状况和目前工作状态)、身体健康状况(患有慢性病数和身体健康感知)、照顾因素(是否与老人同住、与老人的关系和照顾意愿)、家庭支持(协助照顾工作的家庭成员人数和家庭关怀度)以及生命意义感是失能老人家庭照顾者主观幸福感的影响因素,共解释41.3%的变异量,其中身体健康状况贡献最大,解释14.4%的变异量。结论 失能老人家庭照顾者主观幸福感处于中等水平,受到性别、宗教、婚姻和工作状态等社会人口学特征、照顾情况、身体状况、家庭支持和生命意义感等因素的影响。社区工作者应加强照顾者生命意义教育,调动家庭支持作用,改善身体素质,增强幸福感体验,从而提高失能老人的照顾质量。

关键词: 失能老人, 家庭照顾者, 主观幸福感, 身体健康状况

Abstract: Objective To investigate the subjective well-being (SWB) of family caregivers of the disabled elderly in Guangzhou and analyze its influence factors. Methods From August 2019 to August 2020, 526 family caregivers of the disabled elderly in 13 communities in Guangzhou were conveniently selected and surveyed by using general information questionnaire, General Well-being Schedule, Health Perception Questionnaire, Family APGRA Index and Chinese Meaning in Life Questionnaire. Hierarchical multiple regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of SWB of family caregivers. Results The total score of SWB of family caregivers of the disabled elderly was 69.41±19.17. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis showed that sociodemographic factors (sex, religious belief, marital status and current professional status), physical health status (the number of chronic diseases and perceived health), factors of care (whether to stay with the elderly, relationship with the elderly and the will of care), family support (the number of family members to help take care of the elderly and family care) and meaning in life were the influencing factors of SWB of family caregivers of the disabled elderly,explaining 41.3% of the total variation. Physical health was the factor with the greatest contribution, explaining 14.4% of the variance. Conclusion The SWB of family caregivers of the disabled elderly is at a middle level. It was influenced by gender, religion, marriage and professional status , care, health status, family support and meaning in life. More education of meaning in life, more family support, and the coordination of various kinds of resources are conducive to reducing the burden of care, and enhancing caregivers' physical health and happiness, thus to improve the quality of care for the disabled elderly.

Key words: disabled elderly, family caregiver, subjective well-being, physical health status

中图分类号: 

  • R473.2
[1] 刘晓慧,杨玉岩,薛喜娟,等.失能老人家庭照护质量与照顾者负担的相关性[J].中国老年学杂志,2019,39(16):4081-4084.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1005-9202.2019.16.067.
[2] Martín-María N, Miret M, Caballero FF, et al.The Impact of Subjective Well-being on Mortality: A Meta-analysis of Longitudinal Studies in the General Population[J]. Psychosom Med,2017, 79(5):565-575.DOI:10.1097/PSY.0000000000000444.
[3] Fernández Lorca MB, Lay SL.Multiple Roles and Subjective Well-being of Middle-aged Women Who Are Caregivers of Elderly People in Chile[J]. J Women Aging,2020,32(2):149-167.DOI:10.1080/08952841.2018.1537690.
[4] 陈娜,许浩,陈亚楠,等.我国失能老人家庭支持与认知功能的相关性研究[J].现代预防医学,2021,48(9):1648-1652.
[5] 汪向东,王希林,马弘.心理卫生评定量表手册(增订版)[M].北京:中国心理卫生杂志社,1999:83-84.
[6] 刘方. 老年人身体健康感知与死亡焦虑的关系及其机制研究[D].成都:四川师范大学. 2015.
[7] 何俊, 刘前前, 杨雨涵, 等.281名社区老年人健康相关控制感现状及影响因素研究[J].护理学报,2020,27(22):57-61.DOI:10.16460/j.issn1008-9969.2020.22.057.
[8] 王孟成, 戴晓阳. 中文人生意义问卷(C-MLQ)在大学生中的适用性[J]. 中国临床心理学杂志, 2008(5):459-461.
[9] 高梦希. 养老护理员社会支持、自我效能、工作投入与主观幸福感的相关性研究[D].天津:天津中医药大学,2020.
[10] 彭荣. 医疗和养老保险与高龄失能老人长期照料支出——基于CLHLS数据的实证分析[J].中国卫生政策研究,2017, 10(1):46-51.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1674-2982.2017.01.008.
[11] 管神艺,仲亚琴.失能老人居家照顾者抑郁症状及其影响因素[J].中国老年学杂志,2021, 41(3):634-637.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1005-9202.2021.03.052.
[12] Luchetti M, Terracciano A, Stephan Y, et al.Personality and Psychological Health in Caregivers of Older Relatives: a Case-Control Study[J]. Aging Ment Health, 2021, 25(9):1692-1700.DOI:10.1080/13607863.2020.1758907.
[13] Xiong C, Biscardi M, Astell A, et al.Sex and Gender Differences in Caregiving Burden Experienced by Family Caregivers of Persons with Dementia: A Systematic Review[J]. PLoS One,2020,15(4):e0231848.DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.023184.
[14] 陈斯雯,刘维维,刘玉萍.癌症患者主要照顾者的积极感受现状及影响因素分析[J].护理学报, 2017,24(4):55-58.DOI:10.16460/j.issn1008-9969.2017.04.055.
[15] Hatefi M, Vaisi-Raygani A, Borji M, et al.Investigating the Relationship between Religious Beliefs with Care Burden, Stress, Anxiety, and Depression in Caregivers of Patients with Spinal Cord Injuries[J]. J Relig Health, 2020,59(4):1754-1765. DOI:10.1007/s10943-019-00853-3.
[16] 徐曼,柴云,李涛,等.城乡居民幸福感影响因素多重线性回归和路径分析[J].中国健康心理杂志,2015,23(12):1823-1828.DOI:10.13342/j.cnki.cjhp.2015.12.018.
[17] Hernández-Padilla JM, Ruiz-Fernández MD, Granero-Molina J, et al.Perceived Health, Caregiver Overload and Perceived Social Support in Family Caregivers of Patients with Alzheimer’s: Gender Differences[J]. Health Soc Care Community,2021,29(4):1001-1009.DOI:10.1111/hsc.13134.
[18] 周艺梦,张奇林.失能老人配偶照料者心理健康及其影响因素研究[J].北京社会科学, 2021(1):107-116.DOI:10.13262/j.bjsshkxy.bjshkx.210111.
[19] Nah S, Martire LM, Zhaoyang R. Perceived Gratitude, Role Overload,Mental Health among Spousal Caregivers of Older Adults[J]. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci, 2022,77(2):295-299. DOI:10.1093/geronbab086.
[20] 钟宇姑. 失能百岁老人主要照顾者感受的质性研究[J].护理实践与研究,2017,14(9):18-20.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1672-9676.2017.09.007.
[1] 魏利, 赵兴颖, 刘佳, 何雨璇, 陈晓梅, 杨雪, 鲜继淑, 杨燕妮. 神经外科重症住院患者家庭照顾者照顾负担及影响因素分析[J]. 护理学报, 2025, 32(2): 1-6.
[2] 郑硕, 张卫青, 吴雅萱, 王鑫媛, 法宪恩, 宋洁露, 曹雅冰. 基于Q方法分析痴呆患者家庭照顾者对虚拟护理支持的偏好研究[J]. 护理学报, 2024, 31(3): 1-5.
[3] 潘婷, 陈艳, 孔方, 张爱玲, 陈丹蕾, 丁成亮. 克罗恩病患者及其配偶主观幸福感与婚姻调适的主客体效应分析[J]. 护理学报, 2024, 31(2): 1-5.
[4] 姚瑶, 张敏, 陈雁, 王春. 用户体验视角下“互联网+”失能照护服务实施困境研究[J]. 护理学报, 2024, 31(19): 1-7.
[5] 高梦珂, 张艳, 田雨同, 高月. 826名农村失能老人适应能力现状及影响因素研究[J]. 护理学报, 2024, 31(18): 56-60.
[6] 何旭斌, 宦宗素, 杜娜, 刘娇, 秦瑗, 吴冬梅, 岳玉川. 青少年非自杀性自伤主要照顾者真实体验质性研究的Meta整合[J]. 护理学报, 2024, 31(1): 46-51.
[7] 欧洋利, 沈军, 李淼, 彭颖, 廖晓艳, 张虹, 陈黎玉. 失能老人“主动健康”影响因素的最佳证据总结[J]. 护理学报, 2024, 31(1): 58-63.
[8] 黄德荣, 王健, 方慧玲, 曲歌, 刘晋阳, 韩金铭. 2003-2022年国内外老年人主观幸福感研究热点及演进趋势[J]. 护理学报, 2023, 30(22): 1-6.
[9] 李淼, 沈军, 赵庆华, 陈秋, 廖晓艳, 任柳, 张虹. 对社区老年人基于Z-R需求模型智慧养老服务的效果观察[J]. 护理学报, 2023, 30(20): 75-78.
[10] 张咪, 吴艳妮, 黄秀娥, 杨晶, 王润, 杨玲莉, 赵慧慧, 周春兰. 失能老人和配偶照顾者健康素养与自我效能对生活质量的交互作用[J]. 护理学报, 2023, 30(13): 1-5.
[11] 汪静容, 温绣蔺, 乔莉娜, 金鲜珍, 樊慧, 刘璇璇, 罗利群, 肖倩. 早期肠造口患者家庭照顾者核心照顾技能指标体系的构建[J]. 护理学报, 2023, 30(12): 1-6.
[12] 方慧玲, 王健, 黄德荣, 刘子钰, 曲歌, 曹硕. 基于Web of Science国外护士主观幸福感研究热点分析[J]. 护理学报, 2023, 30(1): 7-11.
[13] 赵宏宇, 王名铭, 王秀蓉, 王绘锋, 刘璐. 基于信息-动机-行为技巧模型脑卒中患者家庭照顾者延续护理方案的构建[J]. 护理学报, 2022, 29(17): 65-69.
[14] 李温荣, 耿海梅, 王小玲, 张青, 韩芸芸, 刘俐惠. 家庭照顾者对互联网+护理服务态度、体验与需求的质性研究[J]. 护理学报, 2022, 29(16): 75-78.
[15] 张雨, 刘芳丽, 蔡方方, 高孟娟, 袁举, 成巧梅. 经验性回避在痴呆患者家庭照顾者附属病耻感与照顾负担间的中介作用[J]. 护理学报, 2022, 29(14): 58-63.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited

  Shared   
No Suggested Reading articles found!