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护理学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (13): 74-78.doi: 10.16460/j.issn1008-9969.2021.13.074

• 社区护理 • 上一篇    

珠海市金湾区老年人轻度认知障碍现况调查及影响因素分析

刘敏利1a, 周春兰2, 龙艳娟3, 肖秀英1b, 黄玉楼1c, 黄小娜1d, 李小贞1c, 龚秀群1e, 李苏城1f, 黄锦航1g, 彭小平1h, 耿丽1i, 梁美燕1i   

  1. 1.珠海市第五人民医院 a.妇产科;b.护理部;c.体检科;d.普外科;e.康复科;f.急诊科;g.重症医学科;h.手术室;i.平沙镇老年养护中心,广东 珠海 519055;
    2.南方医科大学南方医院 护理部,广东 广州 510515;
    3.珠海市人民医院 手术室暨南大学附属医院,广东 珠海 519000
  • 收稿日期:2021-02-24 发布日期:2021-08-06
  • 通讯作者: 龙艳娟（1977-）,女,湖南隆回人,本科学历,主管护师。
  • 作者简介:刘敏利（1986-）,女,陕西渭南人,本科学历,护师。
  • 基金资助:
    2020年度国家自然科学基金面上项目（72074106）

Current Status of Mild Cognitive Impairment in Elderly People in Jinwan District of Zhuhai and Its Influence Factors

LIU Min-li1a, ZHOU Chun-lan2, LONG Yan-juan3, XIAO Xiu-ying1b, HUANG Yu-lou1c, HUANG Xiao-na1d, LI Xiao-zhen1c, GONG Xiu-qun1e, LI Su-cheng1f, HUANG Jin-hang1g, PENG Xiao-ping1h, GENG Li1i, LIANG Mei-yan1i   

  1. 1a. Dept. of Gynecology and Obstetrics; 1b. Dept. of Nursing Administration; 1C. Dept. of Physical Examination; 1d. Dept. of General Surgery; 1e. Dept. of Rehabilitation; 1f. Dept. of Emergency; 1g. Dept. of Critical Care Medicine; 1h. Operating Room; 1i. Care and Rehabilitation Center for the Elderly of Pingsha Town, the Fifth People's Hospital of Zhuhai, Zhuhai 519055, China;
    2. Dept. of Nursing Administration, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China;
    3. Operating Room, Zhuhai People's Hospital Affiliated to Jinan University, Zhuhai 519000, China
  • Received:2021-02-24 Published:2021-08-06

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摘要： 目的 分析珠海市金湾区老年人轻度认知障碍（MCI）的患病率及其危险因素,为制定早期干预措施提供理论依据。 方法 于2019年8月—2020年1月对珠海市金湾区300例≥65岁老年人进行问卷调查,使用MoCA-B量表进行认知功能评价,实际回收有效调查问卷287份。统计该地区老年人MCI患病率,采用卡方检验比较MCI组和认知正常组一般资料的差别,采用二分类Logistic回归分析明确MCI的影响因素。 结果 在287例调查对象中,MCI患病率为22.3%（64/287）。单因素分析显示,不同教育程度、生活方式、每天锻炼时间、每天睡眠时长、个人疾病史对患者的MCI患病率具有显著差异（P<0.05）。二分类Logistic回归分析显示,教育程度高、适当时长的体育锻炼和睡眠时长是老年人MCI患病的独立保护因素（P<0.05）。不良嗜好、个人疾病史是老年人MCI患病的独立危险因素（P<0.05）。 结论 珠海市老年人群MCI患病率较高且存在多种发病危险因素,应当制定适宜的早期诊断和早期干预措施,以延缓和减少老年痴呆的发生。

关键词: 轻度认知障碍, 老年人, 患病率, 影响因素

Abstract: Objective To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in the elderly in Jinwan District, Zhuhai and to provide a theoretical basis for the development of early intervention measures. Methods We enrolled 300 elderly people in Jinwan District, Zhuhai and questionnaire survey was conducted, from August 2019 to January 2020. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment-Basic (MoCA-B) scale was used to evaluate cognitive function to estimate the prevalence of MCI among older people (≥65 years) in the area. A total of 287 valid questionnaires were retrieved. Furthermore, univariate analysis and binary logistic regression were performed to clarify the factors affecting the presence of MCI. Results The prevalence of MCI among 287 study subjects was 22.3% (64/287). Univariable analysis indicated that there were significant differences in education background, lifestyle, exercise time per day, sleep time per day, and personal history of disease(P<0.05). Binary logistic regression analysis showed that a high level of education, appropriate length of physical exercise and length of sleep were the protect factors affecting the prevalence of MCI (P<0.05). Bad habits and personal disease history were the independent risk factors for MCI in the elderly (P<0.05). Conclusion The prevalence of MCI is high in the elderly in Zhuhai and its incidence is associated with several risk factors. Measures should be taken for early detection and intervention to delay and reduce the occurrence of MCI.

Key words: mild cognitive impairment, elderly population, prevalence, influence factor

中图分类号: 

  • R473.5
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