以质量求发展，以服务铸品牌

护理学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (23): 55-60.doi: 10.16460/j.issn1008-9969.2019.23.055

• 调查研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

母亲情绪心理及家庭管理对早产儿校正12月龄低体质量的影响分析

赵丽金1, 段怡1, 赵敏慧1, 张莹2   

  1. 1.同济大学附属第一妇婴保健院,上海 201204;
    2.上海交通大学 护理学院,上海 200025
  • 收稿日期:2019-09-18 发布日期:2020-07-27
  • 通讯作者: 张 莹（1973-）,女,上海人,博士,副教授。
  • 作者简介:赵丽金（1988-）,女,内蒙古赤峰人,本科学历,护士。
  • 基金资助:
    上海市教育委员会护理高原学科项目-国际合作科研基金（H1gy1804gj）;上海交通大学医学院护理科研重点项目（Jyhz1602）

Analysis the Influence of Maternal Emotional and Psychological Factors and Family Management on Preterm Infants Underweight at 12 Months of Corrected Age

ZHAO Li-jin1, DUAN Yi1, ZHAO Min-hui1, ZHANG Ying2   

  1. 1. Shanghai First Maternal and Infant Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai 201204, China;
    2. School of Nursing, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200025, China
  • Received:2019-09-18 Published:2020-07-27

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摘要： 目的 分析母亲情绪心理因素及家庭管理对早产儿校正12月龄体质量的影响。方法 采用便利抽样法,选取2016年7月—2017年11月上海市某三级甲等妇婴保健院新生儿科住院的早产儿及其母亲各264例作为研究对象。在早产儿校正1月时采用焦虑自评量表、围产期创伤后应激障碍问卷以及中文版家庭管理量表对母亲进行评估,采用一般资料调查表收集早产儿及其父母的相关资料。采用二分类Logistic回归分析早产儿校正12月龄体质量的影响因素。结果 早产儿校正12月龄时低体质量的发生率为27.3%。二分类Logistic回归分析结果显示,校正1月时患儿认可（OR=0.855,P=0.045）、校正1月时照护能力（OR=0.904,P=0.019）是早产儿校正12月龄时低体质量的保护因素;男孩（OR=3.409,P=0.002）、校正1月时母亲焦虑（OR=1.085,P=0.032）、校正1月时照护负担（OR=1.183,P=0.043）是早产儿校正12月时低体质量的危险因素。结论 影响早产儿校正12月龄低体质量的因素有校正1月时患儿认可低、校正1月时照护能力低、男孩、校正1月时母亲焦虑得分高、校正1月时照护负担得分高。建议在早产儿出院前,教会其母亲照护的知识及基本技能;与社区医院联动,建立并完善早产儿随访体系;随访时尤应注意男孩体质量情况,找出发生低体质量的原因,并给予相应处理;心理咨询师介入,帮助早产儿母亲建立照护信心,同时利用同伴间交流及互助,缓解母亲的焦虑情绪及照护负担,提高母亲对早产儿的认可度,从而保障早产儿顺利完成追赶生长,减少低体质量的发生。

关键词: 早产儿, 低体质量, 母亲, 焦虑, 家庭管理

Abstract: Objective To analysis the influence of maternal emotional and psychological factors and family management on preterm infants underweight at 12 months of corrected age (CA). Methods With convenient sampling, a total of 264 preterm infants with their mothers were recruited from one tertiary grade A maternal and infant hospital in Shanghai were recruited from July 2016 to December 2017 and investigated by the self-rating anxiety scale (SAS), the perinatal PTSD questionnaire (PPQ) and the Chinese version of Family Management Measure (FaMM) at the 1st month of CA. Binany Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of preterm infants underweight at 12 months of CA. Results According to the weight, the ratio of growth retardation was 27.3% on preterm infants at 12 months. The results of binany Logistic regression analysis showed that higher scores of child identity (OR=0.855, P=0.045) and caring ability at the 1st month of CA (OR=0.904, P=0.019) were protective factors of weight growth at 12 months of CA. Boy (OR=3.409, P=0.002), mother's anxiety (OR=1.085, P=0.032) and caring burden at the 1st month of CA (OR=1.183, P=0.043) were risk factors of weight growth at 12 months of CA. Conclusion The factors influencing preterm infants underweight at 12 months CA include low child identity at the 1st month CA, condition management ability at the 1st month CA, boys, high maternal anxiety at the 1st month CA, and high condition management effort at the 1st month. We should teach mothers the knowledge and basic skills of caring for premature infants before they discharged, cooperate with community hospitals, establish and perfect the follow-up system for premature infants. Pay attention to the growth outcome of boys, find out the reason of underweight, and give corresponding treatment. Psychological counselors intervene to help mothers of premature infants build up confidence. Meanwhile, through peer communication to relieve mothers' anxiety and condition management effort, improve their recognition of premature infants, so as to ensure catch up growth of premature infants and reduce the occurrence of underweight at 12 months CA.

Key words: preterm infant, underweight, mother, anxiety, family management

中图分类号: 

  • R473.71
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