心脏移植受者出院准备困境的质性研究

袁彬彬; 王燕平; 孙静; 朱丽明; 田果

doi:10.16460/j.issn2097-6569.2025.13.072

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护理学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (13) : 72-78. DOI: 10.16460/j.issn2097-6569.2025.13.072

质性研究

心脏移植受者出院准备困境的质性研究

袁彬彬^a, 王燕平^a, 孙静^b, 朱丽明^c, 田果^a

作者信息 +

Predicament of readiness for discharge among heart transplant recipients: a qualitative study

YUAN Binbin^a, WANG Yanping^a, SUN Jing^b, ZHU Liming^c, TIAN Guo^a

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

目的探究心脏移植受者在出院准备过程中面临的困境,为其出院准备服务方案的制定提供参考。方法采用现象学研究方法,以目的抽样法选取河南省某三级甲等医院的14例心脏移植受者进行半结构式深入访谈,运用Colaizzi7步分析法分析资料、提炼主题。结果共提炼出2个主题及10个亚主题：主观感知体验困境（出院决策意愿困境、多维负性情绪困境、移植症状管理困境、长期自我监测困境、生活习惯重构困境、规范用药管理困境、多重角色适应困境）及客观支持系统困境（医疗支持不足困境、家庭支持受限困境、社会支持缺乏困境）。结论心脏移植受者在出院准备期面临主观感知体验与客观支持系统双重困境,凸显其内在压力与外部资源不足的交互影响,医护人员须系统、多维评估其出院准备状态并制定针对性的优化策略,促进其从医院向家庭的安全过渡。

Abstract

Objective To explore the predicament during discharge readiness among heart transplant recipients and to provide reference for establishing discharge readiness service program. Methods Purposive sampling was used to select 14 heart transplant recipients from a tertiary grade-A hospital in Henan province for semi-structured interviews. Colaizzi’s method of phenomenological analysis was used to extract themes. Results Two themes and ten sub-themes were extracted: self-perceived experiential predicament (discharge decision-making, multidimensional negative emotion, transplant-related symptom management, long-term self-monitoring, lifestyle reconstruction, standardized medication management, and role adaptation）and objective support system predicament（medical support, family support and social support）. Conclusion Heart transplant recipients face dual challenges of subjective perception experience and objective support system during discharge readiness, highlighting the interactive influence of internal pressure and external resource shortage. Healthcare providers should conduct comprehensive assessments and implement targeted interventions to facilitate safe hospital-to-home transitions.

导出引用

袁彬彬, 王燕平, 孙静, 朱丽明, 田果. 心脏移植受者出院准备困境的质性研究[J]. 护理学报. 2025, 32(13): 72-78 https://doi.org/10.16460/j.issn2097-6569.2025.13.072

YUAN Binbin, WANG Yanping, SUN Jing, ZHU Liming, TIAN Guo. Predicament of readiness for discharge among heart transplant recipients: a qualitative study[J]. Journal of Nursing. 2025, 32(13): 72-78 https://doi.org/10.16460/j.issn2097-6569.2025.13.072

中图分类号： R473.6

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