老年人住院相关性失能研究现状及影响因素的范围综述

廖冬霞; 余雪梅; 张翠翠; 周蜜娟; 邓颖一; 程露颖; 龚喜燕; 王敏; 廖常菊

doi:10.16460/j.issn2097-6569.2025.11.038

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护理学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (11) : 38-44. DOI: 10.16460/j.issn2097-6569.2025.11.038

循证护理

老年人住院相关性失能研究现状及影响因素的范围综述

廖冬霞^1,2,3, 余雪梅³, 张翠翠³, 周蜜娟³, 邓颖一¹, 程露颖³, 龚喜燕³, 王敏^1,2, 廖常菊³

作者信息 +

Current status and influencing factors of hospitalization-related disability in elderly individuals: a scoping review

LIAO Dongxia^1,2,3, YU Xuemei³, ZHANG Cuicui³, ZHOU Mijuan³, DEND Yinyi¹, CHEN Luying³, GONG Xiyan³, WANG Min^1,2, LIAO Changju³

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

目的旨在对老年人住院相关性失能研究现状及影响因素进行范围综述,为临床护理实践及研究提供借鉴。方法采用范围综述法,系统检索PubMed、Cochrane Librery、Embase、Web of Science、中国知网、万方数据库、维普数据库、中国生物医学文献数据库,检索时限截至2024年4月10日,并采用主题分析法对文献进行整合性分析。结果纳入23篇文献。结果显示,评估工具包括Barthel指数、Katz指数、改良Barthel指数、21项日常活动和体力任务、简易生活质量量表（Short Physical Performance Battery,SPPB）和住院相关性失能识别评分量表（Hospital-Associated Disability - Free Risk Evaluation and Estimation,HAD-FREE）6 类;老年人住院相关性失能发生率为3.7%~67.4%;影响因素整合提炼为个人因素及住院相关因素2个主题,其中个人因素包括年龄、衰弱、疾病、认知心理状态等;住院相关因素包括活动限制、营养不足、尿失禁护理、谵妄等。结论老年住院相关性失能发生率差异性较大,期待未来开发更为敏感性、客观的测量工具,早期识别住院相关性失能高风险群体,及时给予个性化的干预措施以降低其发生率,提高患者的生活质量。

Abstract

Objective To conduct a scoping review of the current status and influencing factors of hospitalization-associated disability in elder individuals, and to provide insights for clinical nursing practice and research. Methods A scoping review was conducted. Systematic searches were performed for literature in PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Data, VIP Database, and China Biology Medicine (CBM) up to April 10, 2024. Thematic analysis was used to integrate and analyze the literature. Results Twenty-three articles were included. The results showed that the assessment tools included the Barthel index, the Katz index, the modified Barthel index, 21 daily activities and physical tasks, SPPB and HAD-FREE. The incidence of hospitalization-associated disability in elder individuals ranged from 3.7% to 67.4%. The influencing factors were integrated and refined into two themes: individual factors including age, frailty, diseases, and cognitive and psychological state and hospitalization-related factors including activity restrictions, malnutrition, urinary incontinence care, and delirium. Conclusion The incidence of hospitalization-associated disability in elder individuals varies widely. More sensitive and objective measurement tools are needed to identify high-risk groups for hospitalization-associated disability early. Timely personalized interventions should be provided to reduce the incidence and improve patients' quality of life.

导出引用

廖冬霞, 余雪梅, 张翠翠, 周蜜娟, 邓颖一, 程露颖, 龚喜燕, 王敏, 廖常菊. 老年人住院相关性失能研究现状及影响因素的范围综述[J]. 护理学报. 2025, 32(11): 38-44 https://doi.org/10.16460/j.issn2097-6569.2025.11.038

LIAO Dongxia, YU Xuemei, ZHANG Cuicui, ZHOU Mijuan, DEND Yinyi, CHEN Luying, GONG Xiyan, WANG Min, LIAO Changju. Current status and influencing factors of hospitalization-related disability in elderly individuals: a scoping review[J]. Journal of Nursing. 2025, 32(11): 38-44 https://doi.org/10.16460/j.issn2097-6569.2025.11.038

中图分类号： R473.59

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