目的 系统检索、评价并综合老年皮肤瘙痒症患者非药物治疗的最佳证据,为临床护理实践提供参考。方法 以“6S”证据金字塔为模型进行证据检索,系统检索计算机决策支持系统、指南网站、专业学会网站和数据库中关于老年皮肤瘙痒症非药物治疗的临床决策、指南、证据总结、系统评价、专家共识,检索时限为建库至2023年7月30日。由2名具有循证知识的研究者对纳入的文献进行质量评价,根据主题对证据进行提取、总结。结果 最终纳入指南4篇、临床决策3篇、系统评价4篇、专家共识2篇,形成原则、评估、物理治疗、中医治疗、心理治疗、健康宣教6个主题,共22条最佳证据。结论 该研究总结了老年皮肤瘙痒症患者非药物治疗的最佳证据,为临床护理实践提供了依据。护理人员可结合临床实际情境进行证据应用,加强对老年皮肤瘙痒症患者的科学管理。
Abstract
Objective To systematically search, evaluate and synthesize the best evidence for non-pharmacological treatment of pruritus in elderly patients, and provide reference for clinical nursing practice. Methods Evidence retrieval was conducted following the “6S” pyramid model. Computer decision support systems, guidelines websites, professional association websites and databases were systematically searched for clinical decisions, guidelines, evidence summaries, systematic reviews and expert consensus on non-pharmacological treatment of pruritus in elderly patients. The retrieval period ranged from the inception to July 30, 2023. Two researchers with evidence-based knowledge evaluated the quality of the included literature, and extracted and summarized the evidence according to themes. Results A total of 4 guidelines, 3 clinical decisions, 4 systematic reviews and 2 expert consensuses were finally included, forming 6 themes of principles, assessment, physical therapy, Chinese medicine therapy, psychological therapy and health education, with 22 pieces of best evidence. Conclusion This study summarizes the best evidence for non-pharmacological treatment of pruritus in elderly patients, providing a basis for clinical nursing practice. Nursing staff can apply the evidence in combination with actual clinical contexts to strengthen scientific management of pruritus in elderly patients.
关键词
老年皮肤瘙痒症 /
非药物管理 /
证据总结 /
循证护理
Key words
pruritus in elderly patient /
non-pharmacological treatment /
evidence summary /
evidence-based nursing
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基金
广西重点研发计划项目（桂科AB22080079）,广西自筹经费科研课题（Z-A20221107）
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