210名肿瘤科护士专业生活品质现状及影响因素分析

doi:10.16460/j.issn1008-9969.2020.05.028

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的调查肿瘤科护士专业生活品质的现状,分析其影响因素。方法采用便利取样的方法,使用一般情况调查表、中文版护士专业生活品质量表、护士版健康促进生活方式量表对广州市3家肿瘤专科医院工作的210名护士进行问卷调查。采用多元线性回归分析肿瘤科护士专业生活品质的影响因素。结果肿瘤科护士专业生活品质中共情满足、倦怠和二次创伤应激的原始分分别为（31.69±5.71）分、（26.87±4.32）分和（25.45±4.18）分,处于中高度共情满足水平、中高度倦怠水平和中高度二次创伤应激水平的肿瘤科护士分别占80.0%、77.7%和83.8%;肿瘤科护士健康促进生活方式总分为（60.00±14.21）分,处于中等水平。多元线性回归结果显示：自我实现、是否愿意护理临终患者、护士层级/职务进入共情满足维度的回归方程（P<0.05）,共解释总变异的42.0%;自我实现、人际支持发展、是否愿意护理临终患者、所在医院是否有举办关于护士心理支持活动或讲座进入倦怠维度的回归方程（P<0.05）,共解释总变异的37.8%;自我实现进入二次创伤应激维度的回归方程（P<0.05）,解释总变异的1.6%。结论本组肿瘤科护士共情满足水平较高,共情疲劳水平也较高,总体专业生活品质有待提高;自我实现、是否愿意照顾临终患者、护士层级/职务是肿瘤科护士共情满足的影响因素,自我实现、人际支持发展、是否愿意护理临终患者、所在医院是否有举办关于护士心理支持活动或讲座是肿瘤科护士倦怠的影响因素,自我实现是肿瘤科护士二次创伤应激的影响因素。建议护理管理者关注肿瘤科护士的专业生活品质,及时识别改善可控的因素,采取相应的干预策略,例如改革薪酬、晋升、进修等制度,建立积极、健康、支持性的工作环境以及定期开展相关培训,提高护士的职业价值观,促进护士自我实现和人际支持发展,进而保持良好的专业生活品质。

关键词: 肿瘤科, 护士, 专业生活品质, 健康促进生活方式

Abstract: Objectives To describe the status of professional quality of life among oncology nurses, and to explore the influence factors. Methods By convenient sampling, a self-designed general questionnaire, the Chinese version of Professional Quality of Life Scale (ProQOL) and the Nurses' version of Health-promoting Lifestyle Profile (HPLP) were used to investigate 210 oncology nurses from 3 cancer-specialist hospitals in Guangzhou. Multiple linear regression analysis was conducted to analyze the influence factors. Results The raw scores of compassion satisfaction, burnout and secondary trauma stress were 31.69±5.71, 26.87±4.32 and 25.45±4.18 respectively. Oncology nurses with a moderate to high level of compassion satisfaction, burnout and secondary trauma stress accounted for 80.0%, 77.7% and 83.8% of the total, respectively. The total score of health-promoting lifestyle among oncology nurses was 60.00±14.21, indicating a moderate level of health-promoting lifestyle. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that self-realization, willingness to care for hospice patients, position/professional title entered into the multiple regression equation of compassion satisfaction（P<0.05）, explaining 42.0% of the total variance. Self-realization, development of interpersonal support, willingness to care for hospice patients, and whether the hospital had organized activities or lectures on psychological support for oncology nurses, entered into the multiple regression equation of burnout (P<0.05), explaining 37.8% of the total variance. Self-realization entered into the multiple regression equation of secondary traumatic（P<0.05）, explaining 1.6% of the total variance. Conclusion The level of compassion satisfaction and compassion fatigue among oncology nurses is relatively high. The professional quality of life among oncology nurses needs to be improved. Oncology nurses' self-realization, development of interpersonal support, willingness to care for the hospice patients, position/professional title and whether the hospital had organized activities or lectures on psychological support are the main influence factors. Nursing managers should pay attention to oncology nurses' professional quality of life, identify the factors that can be controlled in time, and take individualized intervention measures to keep their professional quality of life.

Key words: oncology, nurse, professional quality of life, health-promoting lifestyle

中图分类号:

刘明慧, 覃惠英. 210名肿瘤科护士专业生活品质现状及影响因素分析[J]. 护理学报, 2020, 27(5): 28-34.

LIU Ming-hui, QIN Hui-ying. Curent Status of Professional Quality of Life among Oncology Nurses and Its Influence Factors: A 210-case Study[J]. Journal of Nursing, 2020, 27(5): 28-34.

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